Plant Viruses Online   

Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database

Sobemoviruses

Index

• Nomenclature
• Host range, transmission and symptoms
• Physical and biochemical properties
• Taxonomy and relationships
• Illustrations

Nomenclature

ICTV reference

ICTV decimal code 67.0.1.

Definitive species

• Bean southern mosaic sobemovirus
• Blueberry shoestring sobemovirus
• Cocksfoot mottle sobemovirus
• Lucerne transient streak sobemovirus
• Rice yellow mottle sobemovirus
• Rottboellia yellow mottle sobemovirus
• Solanum nodiflorum mottle sobemovirus
• Sowbane mosaic sobemovirus
• Subterranean clover mottle sobemovirus
• Turnip rosette sobemovirus
• Velvet tobacco mottle sobemovirus

Tentative species

• Cocksfoot mild mosaic (?) sobemovirus
• Cynosurus mottle (?) sobemovirus
• Ginger chlorotic fleck (?) sobemovirus
• Olive latent 1 (?) sobemovirus
• Panicum mosaic (?) sobemovirus
• Ryegrass mottle (?) sobemovirus

Host range and symptoms

Natural host range and symptoms

Symptoms persist (14/16), or vary seasonally (2/16), or disappear soon after infection (1/16), or none (1/16).

Transmission

Transmitted by a vector (8/8); an insect (8/8); Aphididae (4/8), or Cicadellidae (1/8), or Coleoptera (6/8). Transmitted in a non-persistent manner (2/7), or in a semi-persistent manner (5/7). Virus lost by the vector when it moults (1/1); does not multiply in the vector (2/2); not transmitted congenitally to the progeny of the vector (2/2); does not require a helper virus for vector transmission (2/2); transmitted by mechanical inoculation (15/15); transmitted by grafting (3/3); not transmitted by contact between plants (2/2); transmitted by seed (4/11), or not transmitted by seed (8/11); transmitted by pollen to the seed (2/5), or transmitted by pollen to the pollinated plant (2/5), or not transmitted by pollen (3/5).

Experimental host range

Several (3-9) families susceptible (4), or few (<3) families susceptible (13).

Susceptible host species

• Agrostis puchella (1)
• Agrostis stolonifera (2)
• Agrostis tenuis (1)
• Atriplex hortensis (1)
• Atriplex suberecta (1)
• Avena fatua (1)
• Avena sativa (5)
• Avena strigosa (1)
• Bauhinia purpurea (1)
• Beta macrocarpa (1)
• Beta vulgaris (1)
• Brassica campestris ssp. napus (1)
• Brassica campestris ssp. pekinensis (1)
• Brassica campestris ssp. rapa (1)
• Bromus inermis (1)
• Bromus mollis (1)
• Bromus racemosus (1)
• Bromus secalinus (2)
• Bromus tectorum (1)
• Celosia cristata (1)
• Chenopodium album (2)
• Chenopodium amaranticolor (3)
• Chenopodium capitatum (1)
• Chenopodium murale (1)
• Chenopodium quinoa (4)
• Cicer arietinum (1)
• Cucumis sativus (2)
• Cucurbita maxima (1)
• Cucurbita pepo (1)
• Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (1)
• Cynosurus cristatus (1)
• Dactylis glomerata (3)
• Datura metel (1)
• Datura stramonium (2)
• Dinebra retroflexa (1)
• Eremochloa ophiuroides (1)
• Fabaceae (1)
• Festuca pratensis (1)
• Festuca rubra (1)
• Glycine max (1)
• Gomphrena globosa (3)
• Holcus lanatus (1)
• Hordeum vulgare (5)
• Lagurus ovatus (1)
• Lamarckia aurea (1)
• Lolium multiflorum (2)
• Lolium multiflorum × L. perenne (1)
• Lolium perenne (2)
• Lolium persicum (1)
• Lolium temulentum (1)
• Lupinus albus (1)
• Lupinus angustifolius (1)
• Medicago sativa (1)
• Medicago scutellata (1)
• Momordica balsamina (1)
• Muhlenbergia schreberi (1)
• Nicandra physalodes (1)
• Nicotiana benthamiana (2)
• Nicotiana bigelovii (1)
• Nicotiana clevelandii (6)
• Nicotiana debneyi (1)
• Nicotiana glutinosa (3)
• Nicotiana megalosiphon (1)
• Nicotiana rustica (1)
• Nicotiana tabacum (5)
• Nicotiana velutina (1)
• Nicotiana × edwardsonii (1)
• Olea europaea (1)
• Oryza barthii (1)
• Oryza longistaminata (1)
• Oryza punctata (1)
• Oryza sativa (1)
• Panicum dichotomiflorum (1)
• Panicum miliaceum (2)
• Panicum virgatum (1)
• Paspalum membranaceum (1)
• Petunia × hybrida (2)
• Phalaris arundinacea (1)
• Phaseolus lunatus (2)
• Phaseolus vulgaris (3)
• Phleum arenarium (3)
• Phleum pratense (1)
• Pisum sativum (3)
• Poa annua (1)
• Poa compressa (1)
• Poa trivialis (1)
• Prunus domestica (1)
• Rottboellia cochinchinensis (1)
• Secale cereale (4)
• Setaria italica (3)
• Setaria viridis (1)
• Solanaceae (1)
• Solanum melongena (1)
• Solanum nigrum (1)
• Solanum nitidibaccatum (1)
• Solanum nodiflorum (1)
• Solanum rostratum (1)
• Sorghum bicolor (1)
• Spinacia oleracea (2)
• Stenotaphrum secundatum (1)
• Tetragonia tetragonioides (1)
• Trifolium incarnatum (1)
• Trifolium subterraneum (1)
• Triticum aestivum (5)
• Triticum durum (1)
• Vaccinium (1)
• Vaccinium angustifolium (1)
• Vaccinium corymbosum (1)
• Vicia faba (1)
• Vicia sativa (1)
• Vigna mungo (1)
• Vigna radiata (1)
• Vigna unguiculata (3)
• Vigna unguiculata ssp. sesquipedalis (1)
• Vitis (1)
• Zea mays (3)
• Zingiber officinale (1)
• Zinnia elegans (1)

Insusceptible host species

• Amaranthus retroflexus (1/13)
• Anthoxanthum odoratum (2/13)
• Apium graveolens (1/13)
• Arachis hypogaea (2/13)
• Avena sativa (1/13)
• Beta vulgaris (2/13)
• Brassica campestris (1/13)
• Brassica campestris ssp. pekinensis (1/13)
• Brassica oleracea var. capitata (1/13)
• Bromus commutatus (1/13)
• Bromus mollis (2/13)
• Bromus sterilis (1/13)
• Cajanus cajan (1/13)
• Calendula officinalis (1/13)
• Capsicum annuum (2/13)
• Capsicum frutescens (4/13)
• Cassia occidentalis (1/13)
• Cassia tora (1/13)
• Catharanthus roseus (1/13)
• Chenopodium album (1/13)
• Chenopodium amaranticolor (6/13)
• Chenopodium ambrosioides (1/13)
• Chenopodium capitatum (1/13)
• Chenopodium foetidum (1/13)
• Chenopodium foliosum (1/13)
• Chenopodium hybridum (2/13)
• Chenopodium murale (1/13)
• Chenopodium quinoa (5/13)
• Cicer arietinum (1/13)
• Crotalaria spectabilis (2/13)
• Cucumis melo (2/13)
• Cucumis sativus (6/13)
• Cucurbita maxima (3/13)
• Cucurbita pepo (2/13)
• Cyamopsis tetragonoloba (2/13)
• Dactylis glomerata (1/13)
• Datura metel (1/13)
• Datura stramonium (5/13)
• Daucus carota (1/13)
• Dianthus barbatus (1/13)
• Echinochloa colona (1/13)
• Echinochloa crus-galli (1/13)
• Elettaria cardamomum (1/13)
• Elytrigia intermedia (1/13)
• Elytrigia repens (3/13)
• Festuca pratensis (1/13)
• Glycine max (3/13)
• Gomphrena globosa (4/13)
• Hedychium gardnerianum (1/13)
• Helianthus annuus (3/13)
• Hordeum vulgare (1/13)
• Lablab purpureus (1/13)
• Lactuca sativa (3/13)
• Lamarckia aurea (1/13)
• Lens culinaris (1/13)
• Lilium formosanum (1/13)
• Lolium multiflorum (1/13)
• Lolium perenne (3/13)
• Lotus corniculatus (2/13)
• Lupinus albus (1/13)
• Lycopersicon esculentum (4/13)
• Macroptilium lathyroides (2/13)
• Macrotyloma uniflorum (1/13)
• Medicago sativa (2/13)
• Melilotus albus (1/13)
• Momordica balsamina (1/13)
• Musa acuminata (1/13)
• Musa balbisiana (1/13)
• Nicotiana benthamiana (1/13)
• Nicotiana clevelandii (3/13)
• Nicotiana debneyi (1/13)
• Nicotiana glutinosa (6/13)
• Nicotiana megalosiphon (1/13)
• Nicotiana rustica (1/13)
• Nicotiana sylvestris (2/13)
• Nicotiana tabacum (6/13)
• Oryza sativa (4/13)
• Panicum miliaceum (1/13)
• Petunia × hybrida (5/13)
• Phalaris arundinacea (1/13)
• Phaseolus lunatus (2/13)
• Phaseolus vulgaris (5/13)
• Phleum pratense (1/13)
• Physalis floridana (2/13)
• Pisum sativum (3/13)
• Poa annua (2/13)
• Poa pratensis (1/13)
• Poa trivialis (1/13)
• Secale cereale (1/13)
• Sesbania exaltata (1/13)
• Setaria italica (1/13)
• Setaria viridis (1/13)
• Solanum melongena (2/13)
• Solanum nigrum (1/13)
• Solanum nodiflorum (1/13)
• Sorghum bicolor (1/13)
• Sorghum halepense (1/13)
• Spinacia oleracea (1/13)
• Tetragonia tetragonioides (2/13)
• Tithonia speciosa (1/13)
• Torenia fournieri (1/13)
• Trifolium incarnatum (1/13)
• Trifolium pratense (2/13)
• Trifolium repens (2/13)
• Trifolium subterraneum (1/13)
• Triticum aestivum (1/13)
• Triticum durum (1/13)
• Vicia faba (3/13)
• Vigna angularis (1/13)
• Vigna radiata (1/13)
• Vigna unguiculata (5/13)
• Vigna unguiculata ssp. cylindrica (2/13)
• Zea mays (3/13)
• Zinnia elegans (2/13)

Families containing susceptible hosts

• Amaranthaceae (3)
• Chenopodiaceae (4)
• Compositae (1)
• Cruciferae (1)
• Cucurbitaceae (2)
• Ericaceae (1)
• Gramineae (7)
• Leguminosae-Caesalpinioideae (1)
• Leguminosae-Papilionoideae (5)
• Oleaceae (1)
• Rosaceae (1)
• Solanaceae (6)
• Tetragoniaceae (1)
• Vitidaceae (1)
• Zingiberaceae (1)

Families containing insusceptible hosts

• Amaranthaceae (5/13)
• Apocynaceae (1/13)
• Caryophyllaceae (1/13)
• Chenopodiaceae (6/13)
• Compositae (4/13)
• Cruciferae (3/13)
• Cucurbitaceae (6/13)
• Gramineae (5/13)
• Leguminosae-Caesalpinioideae (2/13)
• Leguminosae-Papilionoideae (6/13)
• Liliaceae (1/13)
• Musaceae (2/13)
• Scrophulariaceae (1/13)
• Solanaceae (11/13)
• Tetragoniaceae (2/13)
• Umbelliferae (1/13)
• Zingiberaceae (1/13)

Physical and biochemical properties

Properties of particles in sap

TIP: 60-78.72-96 °C. LIV: 3-95.37-365 days. DEP: log₁₀ minus 3-4 (1/10), or 5 (6/10), or 6 (3/10), or 7 (2/10), or 8 (3/10), or 9 (2/10). Infectivity of sap not changed by treatment with di-ethyl ether (3/3). Leaf sap contains few virions (2/11), or contains many virions (10/11).

Particle morphology

Virions isometric; not enveloped (12/12); 25-28.38-33 nm in diameter; rounded in profile (4/15), or angular in profile (12/15); with a conspicuous capsomere arrangement (2/10), or without a conspicuous capsomere arrangement (8/10).

Physical properties

One sedimenting component in purified preparations (16/16); sedimentation coefficient 104-112.5-120 S; of the other(s) 102 S. Density 1.314-1.367-1.399 g cm^-3 in CsCl. Density 1.1 g cm^-3 in sucrose. Isoelectric point pH 4.4-5.137-6. A₂₆₀/A₂₈₀ ratio 1.46-1.597-1.72.

Biochemical properties

Virions contain 17-21.5-28 % nucleic acid; 72-78.5-83 % protein; 0 % lipid.

Genome consists of RNA; single-stranded; linear (9/9). Total genome size 4.1-4.318-5.7 kb. Genome unipartite (15/15); largest (or only) genome part 4.1-4.317-5.7 kb. Base composition 24-25.8-29 % G; 21-23.98-26 % A; 22-25.3-28.4 % C; 21.6-24.85-27 % U. 5´ terminus of RNA has a VPg (2/2). Infectivity retained when deproteinised with proteases (2/5), or lost when deproteinised with proteases (3/5); retained when deproteinised with phenol or detergent (5/5). Poly A region absent (3/3). Additional factor required for infectivity (2/3), or not required for infectivity (1/3). Genome has no tRNA-like activity (1/1).

NCBI sequence data (Entrez search)

Features of the genome

Non-genomic nucleic acid found in the virions (5/9), or not found in the virions (4/9); is subgenomic mRNA (3/5), or satellite RNA (2/5), or of an unusual type of structure (1/5). Sub-genomic mRNA found in infected cells (2/3), or not found in infected cells (1/3). 3 virus specified dsRNA species found in infected cells. Size of largest virus specified dsRNA 4.6 kbp; 2nd largest 3 kbp; 3rd largest 1.3 kbp.

Features of proteins

Virion protein(s) one (14/16), or two (2/16), or three (1/16); M_r 24900-29850-37000. M_r of 2nd largest 12000-25320-33000. M_r of 3rd largest 31500.

Virus-coded non-virion proteins identified by genomic sequence analysis (1/1); three proteins found (1/1). M_r 104900. M_r of 2nd largest 78000. M_r of 3rd 18000.

Replication

Replication does not depend on a helper virus (5/5). Acts as helper for a satellite virus (1/3), or a satellite RNA (2/3).

Cytopathology

Virions found in cytoplasm (12/13), or in nuclei (5/13), or in cell vacuoles (6/13). Inclusions present in infected cells (9/15), or absent from infected cells (6/15); are crystals in the cytoplasm (5/9), or membranous bodies (3/9), or unusual in shape (4/9); they contain virions (6/6).

Taxonomy and relationships

No data available.

Illustrations

Electron micrograph.

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Cite this publication as: Brunt, A.A., Crabtree, K., Dallwitz, M.J., Gibbs, A.J., Watson, L. and Zurcher, E.J. (eds.) (1996 onwards). `Plant Viruses Online: Descriptions and Lists from the VIDE Database. Version: 16^th January 1997.' URL http://biology.anu.edu.au/Groups/MES/vide/

Dallwitz (1980) and Dallwitz, Paine and Zurcher (1993) should also be cited.

Please send comments, corrections and suggestions to: vide-manager@biology.anu.edu.au